Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA

Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA)

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2024 Population

120,446

US Senator

Elizabeth Warren

Democratic Party

US Senator

Ed Markey

Democratic Party

2024 Poverty Rate

3.68%

3.2% 1-year increase

2024 Median Household Income

$213,065

2.42% 1-year growth

2024 Median Property Value

$1.04M

4.07% 1-year growth

2024 Employed Population

56,796

2.35% 1-year growth

About

17.1% of the households in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

94.8% of the residents in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA are Babson College (1,397 degrees awarded in 2024), Wellesley College (761 degrees), and Massachusetts Bay Community College (571 degrees).

In 2024, the median property value in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA was $1.04M, and the homeownership rate was 85.3%.

Most people in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 29.3 minutes. The average car ownership in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA was 2 cars per household.

Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA borders Worcester County (East Central)--Outside Worcester City PUMA, MA, Middlesex County (Southwest) PUMA, MA, Middlesex County--Lexington, Burlington & Wilmington PUMA, MA, Middlesex County--Newton & Waltham PUMA, MA, Boston City--Hyde Park, Jamaica Plain, Roslindale & West Roxbury PUMA, MA, Norfolk County--Brookline, Milton & Dedham PUMA, MA, Norfolk County (Central)--Norwood, Stoughton & Canton PUMA, MA, and Norfolk County (Southwest)--Franklin, Walpole & Foxborough PUMA, MA.

United States Massachusetts

Population & Diversity

Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA is home to a population of 120k people, from which 94.8% are citizens. As of 2024, 14.1% of Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA residents were born outside of the country (17k people).

In 2024, there were 7.68 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (93.7k people) in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA than any other race or ethnicity. There were 12.2k Asian (Non-Hispanic) and 3.8k Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common non-English languages spoken as the primary language in households in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA are Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) (4,810 households), Spanish (3,366 households), and Russian (1,564 households).

Population & Diversity

Residents by Gender and Age

RACE/ETHNICITY

63,726

Women

53%

56,451

Men

47%

The resident population of United States in 2024 was 120,177 inhabitants, with 47% men, and 53% women.

The visualization shows the distribution of the residents by gender and age in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA.

With the upper buttons you can add a filter by race.

Citizenship

94.8%

2024 Citizenship

95.6%

2023 Citizenship

As of 2024, 94.8% of Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.2%. In 2023, the percentage of US citizens in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA was 95.6%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA

White (Non-Hispanic)
93.7k ± 1.6k
Asian (Non-Hispanic)
12.2k ± 980
Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic)
3.8k ± 620

4.64%

Hispanic Population

5.59k people

4.64% of the people in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA are hispanic (5.59k people).

The following chart shows the 8 races represented in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

China
2,766 ± 1,276 people
India
1,936 ± 1,072 people
Brazil
1,175 ± 837 people

In 2024, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA was China, the natal country of 2,766 Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA residents, followed by India with 1,936 and Brazil with 1,175.

Foreign-Born Population

14.1%

2024 Foreign-Born Population

17k people

13.6%

2023 Foreign-Born Population

16.2k people

As of 2024, 14.1% of Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA residents (17k people) were born outside of the United States, which is approximately the same as the national average of 14%. In 2023, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA was 13.6%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Non-English Households

Most Common Non-English Languages

Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese)
4,810 households (4.21%)
Spanish
3,366 households (2.95%)
Russian
1,564 households (1.37%)

17.1% of the households in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language, which is lower than the national average of 22.3%. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

In 2024, the most common non-English language spoken in households in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA was Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese). 4.21% of the households in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA reported speaking Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) at home as the primary shared language between all members living in the household.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
934 ± 183
Gulf War (1990s)
418 ± 161
Gulf War (2001-)
337 ± 135

Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 2.23 times greater than any other conflict.

The chart shows the distribution of veterans by conflict in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA.

Health

98.9% of the population of Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA has health coverage, with 69.6% on employee plans, 4.09% on Medicaid, 11.5% on Medicare, 13.4% on non-group plans, and 0.301% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Massachusetts see 990 patients per year on average, which represents a 0% change from the previous year (990 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 915 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 130 patients per year.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 47.1% were men and 52.9% were women.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Massachusetts.

990 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Massachusetts

Primary care physicians in Massachusetts see an average of 990 patients per year. This represents a 0% change from the previous year (990 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Massachusetts in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2024, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 27.2% under 18 years, 14.8% between 18 and 34 years, 41.2% between 35 and 64 years, and 16.8% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 47.1% were men and 52.9% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

1.11%

Uninsured

69.6%

Employer Coverage

4.09%

Medicaid

11.5%

Medicare

13.4%

Non-Group

0.301%

Military or VA

Between 2023 and 2024, the percent of uninsured citizens in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA declined by 9.72% from 1.23% to 1.11%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

Economy

The economy of Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA employs 56.8k people. In 2024, the largest industries in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA were Elementary & secondary schools (3,598 people), General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (3,596 people), and Computer Systems Design (3,549 people), and the highest paying industries were Securities, commodities, funds, trusts & other financial investments ($329,971), Broadcasting & content providers ($309,201), and Legal services ($307,039).

Males in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA have an average income that is 1.56 times higher than the average income of females, which is $146,484. The income inequality in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA (measured using the Gini index) is 0.495, which is higher than than the national average.

Employment

Workforce Diversity

Measure

RACE/ETHNICITY

27,477

Women

48.4%

29,319

Men

51.6%

The workforce of Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA in 2024 was 56,796 people, with 48.4% woman, and 51.6% men.

The visualization shows the distribution of the workforce by gender and age in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA.

With the upper buttons you can see the distribution of the average salary and add a filter by race.

Occupations

56.8k

2024 Value

2.35%

1 Year growth

± 2.35%

From 2023 to 2024, employment in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA grew at a rate of 2.35%, from 55.5k employees to 56.8k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA, are Other managers (2,971 people), Software developers (1,924 people), and Chief executives & legislators (1,864 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Massachusetts.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Massachusetts (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

Industries

Employment by Industries

56.8k

2024 Value

2.35%

1 Year growth

± 2.35%

From 2023 to 2024, employment in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA grew at a rate of 2.35%, from 55.5k employees to 56.8k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA, are Elementary & secondary schools (3,598 people), General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (3,596 people), and Computer Systems Design (3,549 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA, though some of these residents may live in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$145,254

Median earning men ± $7,303

$75,669

Median earning women ± $4,105

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2024 are Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($227,844), Professional, Scientific, & Management, & Administrative & Waste Management Services ($195,658), and Manufacturing ($155,607).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2024 are Wholesale Trade ($131,146), Manufacturing ($126,932), and Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($123,067).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Massachusetts.

Y-Axis

2.61%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 3.67M people employed in Massachusetts. This represents a 2.61% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 17.5%.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Massachusetts.

Civics

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Massachusetts went to Kamala Harris with 61.2% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (36%), followed by Other (1.48%).

Elizabeth Warren and Ed Markey are the senators currently representing the state of Massachusetts. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Massachusetts is currently represented by 9 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA. Showing the available data for Massachusetts.

2024 Election Results

Kamala Harris (61.2%)
Democratic Party
Donald J. Trump (36%)
Republican Party
Other (1.48%)
Other Party

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Massachusetts went to Kamala Harris with 61.2% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (36%), followed by Other (1.48%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Massachusetts for each registered party from 1976 to 2024.

Senator Elections

US Senators from Massachusetts

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Massachusetts.

Elizabeth Warren

Senator from Massachusetts

Assumed office on January 3, 2013

Ed Markey

Senator from Massachusetts

Assumed office on July 16, 2013
Elected to the seat to succeed Mo Cowan, who had been appointed to the seat following the resignation of John Kerry, who had become Secretary of State.{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/26/us/massachusetts-special-senate-election.html |title=Democrat Wins Special Election for Kerry's Senate Seat |work=The New York Times |date=June 25, 2013 |access-date=May 21, 2020 |last1=Seelye |first1=Katharine Q. }}

Elizabeth Warren and Ed Markey are the senators currently representing Massachusetts.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Massachusetts over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

Education

In 2024, universities in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA awarded 2,831 degrees. The student population of Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA in 2024 is skewed towards women, with 4,449 male students and 6,873 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA are White (975 and 45.8%), Hispanic or Latino (395 and 18.5%), Asian (371 and 17.4%), and Black or African American (165 and 7.75%).

The largest universities in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA by number of degrees awarded are Babson College (1,397 and 49.3%), Wellesley College (761 and 26.9%), and Massachusetts Bay Community College (571 and 20.2%).

The most popular majors in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA are General Business Administration & Management (1,230 and 43.4%), Other Business Administration, Management, & Operations (97 and 3.43%), and Econometrics & Quantitative Economics (79 and 2.79%).

The median tuition cost for private four year colleges is $61,772.

Admissions & Enrollments

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

University

Measure

In 2024 in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA, the percentage of applicants admitted was 16.1%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 42.8%. The number of students enrolled in 2024 was 11,322 (39.3% men and 60.7% women).

The line chart shows the evolution of the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

Enrollments by Gender and Races

Universities

In 2024 there were 11,322 students enrolled in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA, 39.3% men and 60.7% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 3,833 records, of which 56.2% were women and 43.8% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Most Common

General Business Administration & Management
721 degrees awarded
Econometrics & Quantitative Economics
79 degrees awarded
General Computer & Information Sciences
60 degrees awarded

In 2024, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA was General Business Administration & Management with 721 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Babson College
1,397 degrees awarded
Wellesley College
761 degrees awarded
Massachusetts Bay Community College
571 degrees awarded

In 2024, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was Babson College with 1,397 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

University

In 2024, 1,106 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA, which is 0.641 times less than the 1,725 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2024, the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 975 degrees mean that there were 2.47 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Hispanic or Latino, with 395 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Universities

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($61,772) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2024.

Public, 2-year ($5,280) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2024.

Public, 2-year ($2,000) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Measure

In 2024, 0.404% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 0.469% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population of Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA in 2024 were Graduate Degree (33.3k), Bachelors Degree (28.9k), and Primary Education (13k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA was $1.04M in 2024, which is 3.13 times larger than the national average of $332,700. Between 2023 and 2024 the median property value increased from $1M to $1.04M, a 4.07% increase. The homeownership rate in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA is 85.3%, which is higher than the national average of 65.2%.

People in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA have an average commute time of 29.3 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property

$1.04M

Median Property Value 2024

±$21,643

$34,988

Median Property Taxes

±$989

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

85.3%

Homeownership

2024

61.5%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2024

In 2024, 85.3% of the housing units in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 85.8%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$213,065

Median Household Income

± $7,415

41k

Number of Households

± 1,192

In 2024, the median household income of the 41k households in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA grew to $213,065 from the previous year's value of $208,032.

The following chart displays the households in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $200k+ range.

Wage Distribution

0.495

2024 Wage GINI in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA

0.5

2023 Wage GINI in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA

In 2024, the income inequality in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA was 0.495 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 1.04% decline from 2023 to 2024, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA was higher than than the national average of 0.474. In other words, wages are distributed less evenly in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2024

Drove Alone (55.9%)
Worked At Home (29.2%)
Carpooled (5.65%)

In 2024, 55.9% of workers in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (29.2%) and those who carpooled to work (5.65%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

29.3 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA have a longer commute time (29.3 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.4 minutes). Additionally, 1.68% of the workforce in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA have 2 cars.

Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

3.68% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA (4.21k out of 114k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Males 18 - 24, followed by Females 75+ and then Females 65 - 74.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Norfolk County (Northwest)--Needham, Wellesley & Westwood PUMA, MA is White, followed by Asian and Two Or More.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.